Jack



specification.

UNITED- STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK-R. SUNDERMAN', or NEWBURGH; new roux, assrenon' 'ro sonnmmm 4 CORPORATION, or NEWIBURGH, NEW YORK, A CORPORATIONIOE NEW roux.

To all whom. it may concern I' Be it known that I, FREDERICK R. SUN- DERMAN, a citizen of the United States, and

a resident of Newbur h, in the county of,

Orange and State of. ew York, have invented certain new and useful Improve-{- ments in Jacks, of which the following'is'a' steel cylinder is snugly fitted intot'hebore fiirtlre 'pward projection of the base and y invention relates to improvements in jacks and more particularlyto "jacks in which oil or other fluid medium is used totransmit power in the operhtionof the jack.

The main .object of the invention is to provide a jack of the character described which is durable, simple and easily constructed and may be easily inspected and repaired; and one which is capable of sustaining" heavy loads for several hours without settling or lowering the same.

A further object of the invention is to provide a jack which is relatively light in weight but still strong and capable of rais- I ingf-relatively heavy loads.

, urther and more specificobjects, features and advantages will more clearly appear from the detail description given l)B-' low, taken in connection with the accomp'anying sheet of drawings, which forms a partof this specification.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a plan view of a jack embodying my improvements in a preferred form thereof; I

Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same taken substantially on the line 2-2 of' Fig.1; -,Fig.' 3 is a vertical section ofthesame taken on the line 3'3 of Fig. 1; arid Fig. 4 is a horizontal section yaken on theline 4-4 of Fig. 2..

Referring to the*drawings,e5 represents a base of metal such as brass suitably bored as. will more clearly appear hereinafter.

Screwed into the bore 6 is a hollow cylindrical. oil reservoir 7 made of iron or steel pipe and vnormally closed to the outside atmosphereby having screwed into its upper end a-plug'S provided with two ball valves 9 and 10 pressed against their seats by springs.

11 and 12, respectively, so that -when oil is pumped out of the 'reservoir'? air may be permitted topass thereinto by the ball valve 10, and when the oil is allowed to flow back into the reservoir 7 the air at the top thereof may flow out at the top by the ball valve 9.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug, 29, 1922 Ap lication flled February *25, 1920. Serial no. 361,290.

j circumferential 4 the top of the ba a lead gasket 16. The lower end'14 of the extendsinto the hole, or the bore extends up on the cylinder, for a-substantial distance imorder to firmly secure the cylinder in the base against shearing strains. By having the lower 'part of the cylinder fit snugly into the bore for a substantial distance as shown,

oss' 15 between which and se 5 around the bore 13 lies 60 the shearing strain tending to shear the cyl- 7 inder off from the base is so distributed by 7 this construction as to practically-prevent damage from this cause, When these jacks are usedfor liftin heavy loads, -such as heavily loaded true of the truck or the position in which" theack itself is placed, is such that there is often a very to shear or rip the cylinder from the base,

severe shearing strain tending s, the angular position and this construction avoids such shearing.

operating against the boss 15, pulls the parts firmly together and holds the cylinder 14 screwed to the base 5-. By this arrange- A nut 17 screw-threaded onto the base 5 and ment the cylinder maybe held down to the base by relatively few threads, and these 1 threads are largely protected from the heavy shearing strains.

Qperating within the jack cylinder 14 is a ack;

within the jack cylinder 14and compressible packing washers or rings 19, preferably piston comprlsing a plurality of metal washers 18 having a close sliding fit of felt, interposed between said metallic .All ofv the washers area ranged to have a sliding fit on a stem 20 secured to piston rod 21, and they are held from falling off the stem 20' by screw 22'. By providing this arrangement of a series of alternate rigid washers having a sliding fit and packing between the same, I find that. when pressure is exerted, as in the raising of heavy loads, and said parts are forced together under the pressure in the cylinder on the underneath side of the piston, that i the metallic washers compress the packings 19. causing the same to be squeezed tightly against the sides of thecylinder 14 and thus prevent leakage of oil about the piston. For

use in hydraulic jacks this arrangement is ers,-i"or while the cup-shaped washerswill sustain a momentary thrust such as 1n pumping, and will hold a load at sub-Stan tially a given height for a very-brief period, they will not sustain a heavy load such as a heavily loaded truck for any length of time without settling due apparently either to the gradual leakage of the oil past the cup washers, or to the cup washers as surni'ng a gradual change inlform underthe sustained pressure which permits settling of the jack piston; and the cupped washers are not as durable. The lead gasltet arrangement at 16 also causes a tight joint to loeitorrned therea't, so that the tendency of oil to leak out between the'oylinder 14k and the base 5 is reduced to a minimum under such heavy pressure At the upper portion of the cylinder I l itis provided with a cap nut 22 enclosing a packing ring 23 through which slides the piston rod 21 tmthe upper end of which piston rod is secured the bearing plate 24. z The base fi is provided with a lateral bore 25 leading out from the bottom of the bore 13 and a lateral bore 26 leadingout from the bottom of the bore 6. Arranged in the outer portion of the bore 6 is a springpressed ball valve 27 permitting oil to be withdrawn from the reservoir 7 past the ball 27, butholding such oil "from flowing back past the ball 27 to the reservoir. screw plug 29 closes the outer end of the cross-bore 25 and a screw plug 28 closes the outer end of bore 26. Connecting the two bores and Qfiis a transverse bore 27 provided with an enlarged portion adjacent the bore 25 in which is arranged a spring-pressed ball valve 30 permitting oil to pass thereby into the bore 18 and cylinder it and preventing oil from flowing back out of the cylinder 14- past the ball valve 30. The outer end of the bore 27 is closed'by screw plug 31. Connecting with the bore 27 is a vertical bore 32 leading to pump cylinder 38 in which operates pump piston 3%- provided with packing 35 at its lower end held thereto by nut At its upper end the pump cylinder provided with packing 37 held in place by cap nut 38. 39 resents a link pivoted 40 to the base and having pivoted to its upper end handle lever member L1 which is also pivoted 42 to the pump piston 34;. The handle lever member ell is arranged to have any suitable handle extension placed thereon in order to get the desired leverage tor operating the pump and to this end is provided with lug 1-3 for engagement with such extension member. The bore (i is provided with lateral opening normally closed by a screw plug 44, which opening may be utilized in the cleaning and filling of the apparatus.

The base 5 is also provided with a cross bore to connecting the lower parts or the a handle member 41?, the valve being-held in place by nut l8. Y i 7 ln operation, the cylinder '7 is substantially filled with oil at a timewhen the jack piston is at the bottom of the jack cylinder i l, a suitable handle piece may then be placed over or secured'to the handle member '41,

and then after the jack is placed in suitable position where the bearing member 2a Wlllengage the part to be raised, the handle is operated to operate the pump whereby oil will be forced from thereservoir 7 through the passageways 26, 27 and 25 into the bore 13 beneath the jack piston. The ball valves 27 3O prevent any back flow of oil into the reservoir 7. The pressure, exerted on-the bottom of the lower *netallic washer 18 causes the washers 18 to compress and squeeze outward the fibrous packing rings Use that the greater the load the tighterwill the packings lit the cylinder i l and prevent leakage of oilabout the piston, and the washers will not cut the fibrous packing rings or otherwise injure them as might be the case if cupshaped packing rings were used and the washers did not have a close sliding fit with the walls of the cylinder, During the pumping operation the ball valve 10 will automatically permitair to enter the reservoir 3 to take up the space made by reason of the pumping or" oil' therefrom into the cylinder i l below the jack piston. V7 hen it is desired to lower the jack the handle 4.? is thrown to open the valve 46 whereby the oil may flow out iron: under the jack piston through the passageway 4:5 back into the reservoir 7.

this oper" rate to permit air to escape from the top of reservoir 7. The reservoir and jack cylinder are cylindrical in form whereby they may be of piping and conveniently assembled with the other parts,

these together with the pump are so independently eonnected with the base that they are easily removable i orrepair and the jack piston and cylinder in the reservoir are easily removable independently of one another and without interference with the pump and at the same time the parts are strong and relatively light in weight, the steel jack cylinder i l extending for a substantial distance down into the bore 18 in the base whereby the bore in the base is reinforced by the cylinder against oil pressure,

V and the cylinder held firmly and strengthifications may be made the invention 4 tion ball valve 9 will opeembodied in widely difi'erentforms withoutdeparting from the spiritand scope thereof in its broader aspects.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is :3 v

1. Afijack having in combination a base member, an oilqreservoir, a jack cylinder seated on said base member and provided with a circumferential boss, a nut and lead packing for holding the cylinder tightly seated on said base and a pumpfor forcing oil from the reservoir to said cylinder through said base.

- -2. A jack having in combination a base,

an oil reservoir screwed to the base and removable therefrom, a ]3Ck cylinder removably secured to the base-independently of said reservoir,:a pump independently carried by the base, said base being provided with valved passageways whereby the pump may force oil from the reservoir to the cylinder to raise the piston, and means for permitting the return of oil from the cylinder to the reservoir.

3. A jack having in combination a base, an oil reservoir screwed to the base and removable therefrom, a jack cylinder removably secured to the base independently and at one side of said reservoir, a pump inde-- pendently carried by the base, -the cylinder of which is integral with theibase, said base 7 being provided with valved passageways, whereby the pump may force oil from'the reservoir to. the cylinder to raise the piston, and means for permitting the return ofoil from the cylinder to the reservoir through said base. I

4. A jack having in combination, v a "base,

means comprising a screw-threaded collar engagmg a boss on the cylinder, a gack piston in said cylinder, a fluid reservolr. and

means for pumping fluid from" said reser- I voir into said cylinder beneathsaidpiston to raise the piston. i I

In testimonywhereof, I have signed my name to this specificatio FREDERICK R. sUriDERM-AN. 

